lumen gentium 16 summary30 Mar lumen gentium 16 summary
(12) Cfr. Rob. 42. Lumen Gentium, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, November 21, 1964. Relatio Kleutgen de Schemate reformato: Mansi S3, 321 B - 322 B et declaratio Zinelli: Mansi 52 1110 A. Vide etiam S. Leonem M. Scrm. (16) De praxi effectiva consiliorum quae non omnibus imponitur, cfr. Iur. 6, 1: cd. S. Cyprianus, Epist. 117:22. Let no one think that religious have become strangers to their fellowmen or useless citizens of this earthly city by their consecration. Then, by its own power the seed sprouts and grows until harvest time. Pius XI, Litt. 1683 (2879). This collegial union is apparent also in the mutual relations of the individual bishops with particular churches and with the universal Church. Encycl. Rom., ad Cor. 1:12. (9*), All men should take note that the profession of the evangelical counsels, though entailing the renunciation of certain values which are to be undoubtedly esteemed, does not detract from a genuine development of the human persons, but rather by its very nature is most beneficial to that development. 3, 14; 4, 27 et 30;Hebr. de sacr. Encycl. Ephesinum, ib. November 21, 1964. Damascenus, Adv. This is explicitly affirmed in n. 22, 12, and is explained at the end of that section. 4, docet Ordinis sacramentum imprimere characterem indelebilem: Denz. Those who approach the sacrament of Penance obtain pardon from the mercy of God for the offence committed against Him and are at the same time reconciled with the Church, which they have wounded by their sins, and which by charity, example, and prayer seeks their conversion. Rom., 1. c., 42, 3-4, 44, 3-4; 57, 1-2; Ed. A bishop, since he is sent by the Father to govern his family, must keep before his eyes the example of the Good Shepherd, who came not to be ministered unto but to minister,(170) and to lay down his life for his sheep. Rerum Orientalium, 8 sept. 1928: AAS 20 (1928) p. 287. (3) S. Augustine, De S. Virginitate. VIII: The Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God, in the Mys tery of Christ & of the Church (52-69) -Preface (52-54) a. Mary's relation to Christ in the divine plan of redemptive Incarnation (52) 1) God revealed that to save us He sent His Son "born of a woman" (Gal 4:4f) (8) Cfr. (17*) Mother Church never ceases to pray, hope and work that this may come about. A council is never ecumenical unless it is confirmed or at least accepted as such by the successor of Peter; and it is prerogative of the Roman Pontiff to convoke these councils, to preside over them and to confirm them. 21:24. In like manner the Episcopal bodies of today are in a position to render a manifold and fruitful assistance, so that this collegiate feeling may be put into practical application. Dei, XVIII, 51, 2: PL 41, 614. 16 January 2005. They should preserve the bond of priestly communion, and they should abound in every spiritual good and thus present to all men a living witness to God. (119), It follows that though there are many nations there is but one people of God, which takes its citizens from every race, making them citizens of a kingdom which is of a heavenly rather than of an earthly nature. ; Bardy, 11, p. 66 ss. 27-28. This is done in virtue of his primacy over the entire Church in order to more fully provide for the necessities of the entire flock of the Lord and in consideration of the common good. 3. . 238 Cf Eph. (27*) This power can be exercised only with the consent of the Roman Pontiff. They bring forth from the treasury of Revelation new things and old,(164) making it bear fruit and vigilantly warding off any errors that threaten their flock. However, it is not understood as some kind of vague disposition, but as an organic reality which requires a juridical form and is animated by charity. As living stones we here on earth are built into it. 2; Smyrn. Mt. If they fail moreover to respond to that grace in thought, word and deed, not only shall they not be saved but they will be the more severely judged.(13*). Funk, Didascalia, I, p. 530. Serm. 8, a. Those chosen for the fullness of the priesthood are granted the ability of exercising the perfect duty of pastoral charity by the grace of the sacrament of Orders. Didache, 14: ed. It also clarified the Church's mission as the universal . (13) S. Clem. (15) Conc. (5) Cfr. (4) Cfr. It was in Him, before the foundation of the world, that the Father chose us and predestined us to become adopted sons, for in Him it pleased the Father to re-establish all things. Haer. 61, 3: ed. (48) Oratio consecrationis cpiscopalis in ritu byzantino: Euchologion to mega, Romae, 1873, p. 139. (15) Cfr. 67. Vaticanum II, Const. The word "functions [munera]" is used deliberately instead of the word "powers [potestates]," because the latter word could be understood as a power fully ready to act. When it is looked at in this way, she is already prophetically foreshadowed in the promise of victory over the serpent which was given to our first parents after their fall into sin. 27. : Denz. Origenes, In Matth. (21*) Hence after the Synod of Ephesus the cult of the people of God toward Mary wonderfully increased in veneration and love, in invocation and imitation, according to her own prophetic words: "All generations shall call me blessed, because He that is mighty hath done great things to me". 1956: AAS 48 (1956) p. 574 s. (5) Cfr. Embracing God's salvific will with a full heart and impeded by no sin, she devoted herself totally as a handmaid of the Lord to the person and work of her Son, under Him and with Him, by the grace of almighty God, serving the mystery of redemption. 3 et q. They conduct themselves as children of the promise, and thus strong in faith and in hope they make the most of the present,(201) and with patience await the glory that is to come. For even though it sometimes happens that religious do not directly mingle with their contemporaries, yet in a more profound sense these same religious are united with them in the heart of Christ and spiritually cooperate with them. summary. Let them willingly employ their prudent advice. This can be realized through prayer or active works of the apostolate. 32; PL 2, 52 s.; S. Ignatius M., passim. (1) Cfr. A great many wonderful things are to be hoped for from this familiar dialogue between the laity and their spiritual leaders: in the laity a strengthened sense of personal responsibility; a renewed enthusiasm; a more ready application of their talents to the projects of their spiritual leaders. Pius XII, Alloc. Due to the special circumstances of our time the foundations of this doctrine must be more thoroughly examined. He is the head of the Body which is the Church. Trong c Ki-t, Gio Hi nh l b tch, ngha l du ch v phng tin hip thng mt thit vi Thin Cha v hp nht mi ngi . For then the Roman Pontiff is not pronouncing judgment as a private person, but as the supreme teacher of the universal Church, in whom the charism of infallibility of the Church itself is individually present, he is expounding or defending a doctrine of Catholic faith. Apost. Wherefore this Holy Synod, in expounding the doctrine on the Church, in which the divine Redeemer works salvation, intends to describe with diligence both the role of the Blessed Virgin in the mystery of the Incarnate Word and the Mystical Body, and the duties of redeemed mankind toward the Mother of God, who is mother of Christ and mother of men, particularly of the faithful. also Modus 53, c. For the same reason, the words "Ordo" or "Corpus" are used throughout with reference to the College of bishops. (41), The Church, further, "that Jerusalem which is above" is also called "our mother". Tr. Second Vatican Council's 16 Documents 1. S. Ignatius M., Smyrn 8, 1: ed. Tridentinum, Sess. By the sacred anointing of the sick and the prayer of her priests the whole Church commends the sick to the suffering and glorified Lord, asking that He may lighten their suffering and save them;(106) she exhorts them, moreover, to contribute to the welfare of the whole people of God by associating themselves freely with the passion and death of Christ. ; S. Iustinus, Apol., 1, 6S G 6, 428; S. Cyprianus, Epist. Some indeed He has strengthened to the extent of the shedding of their blood. The Father began this formation process with the Israelites and brought it to fulfillment in the Church. Trid., Sess. (4) Cfr. Since the Church is in Christ like a sacrament or as a sign and instrument both of a very closely knit union with God and of the unity of the whole human race, it desires now to unfold more fully to the faithful of the Church and to the whole world its own inner nature and universal mission. Pius XII Litt. C. Butler, Cambridge 1898 (1904). 188, a. Indeed, the very ancient practice whereby bishops duly established in all parts of the world were in communion with one another and with the Bishop of Rome in a bond of unity, charity and peace,(23*) and also the councils assembled together,(24*) in which more profound issues were settled in common, (25*) the opinion of the many having been prudently considered,(26*) both of these factors are already an indication of the collegiate character and aspect of the Episcopal order; and the ecumenical councils held in the course of centuries are also manifest proof of that same character. (5*) Adorned from the first instant of her conception with the radiance of an entirely unique holiness, the Virgin of Nazareth is greeted, on God's command, by an angel messenger as "full of grace",(286) and to the heavenly messenger she replies: "Behold the handmaid of the Lord, be it done unto me according to thy word". (10) Cfr. 1712l (3011). (14*) For there are many who honor Sacred Scripture, taking it as a norm of belief and a pattern of life, and who show a sincere zeal. Imitating the mother of her Lord, and by the power of the Holy Spirit, she keeps with virginal purity an entire faith, a firm hope and a sincere charity.(20*). (225) Clerics, who are called by the Lord and are set aside as His portion in order to prepare themselves for the various ministerial offices under the watchful eye of spiritual shepherds, are bound to bring their hearts and minds into accord with this special election (which is theirs). (66*) Partakers of the function of Christ the sole Mediator,(178) on their level of ministry, they announce the divine word to all. By the ministry of the word they communicate God's power to those who believe unto salvation(168) and through the sacraments, the regular and fruitful distribution of which they regulate by their authority,(56*) they sanctify the faithful. Funk, 1, p. 156. As the assumed nature inseparably united to Him, serves the divine Word as a living organ of salvation, so, in a similar way, does the visible social structure of the Church serve the Spirit of Christ, who vivifies it, in the building up of the body. 112-3117, in nova ed. Apost. Furthermore, married couples and Christian parents should follow their own proper path (to holiness) by faithful love. (161) To fulfill this mission, Christ the Lord promised the Holy Spirit to the Apostles, and on Pentecost day sent the Spirit from heaven, by whose power they would be witnesses to Him before the nations and peoples and kings even to the ends of the earth. 3:21; 2 Tim. . Funk, I, p. 264. 15. In that Body the life of Christ is poured into the believers who, through the sacraments, are united in a hidden and real way to Christ who suffered and was glorified. A bishop marked with the fullness of the sacrament of Orders, is "the steward of the grace of the supreme priesthood," (48*) especially in the Eucharist, which he offers or causes to be offered,(49*) and by which the Church continually lives and grows. Indeed the counsels, voluntarily undertaken according to each one's personal vocation, contribute a great deal to the purification of heart and spiritual liberty. S. Augustinus, passim. For this too God sent the Spirit of His Son as Lord and Life-giver. Assignatos sibi greges singuli singulos Christi nomine pascunt et regunt. (1*) These religious families give their members the support of a more firm stability in their way of life and a proven doctrine of acquiring perfection. Rom 8:15-16, 26). Through her work, whatever good is in the minds and hearts of men, whatever good lies latent in the religious practices and cultures of diverse peoples, is not only saved from destruction but is also cleansed, raised up and perfected unto the glory of God, the confusion of the devil and the happiness of man. Inst. (55) S. Leo M., Serm. He sees Matthew as using antithetical parallelism contrasting the two gates, the two ways, sheep and . Pastors of the Church, following the example of the Lord, should minister to one another and to the other faithful. The supreme power in the universal Church, which this college enjoys, is exercised in a solemn way in an ecumenical council. Can. Vat. (51) In this sacred rite a oneness with Christ's death and resurrection is both symbolized and brought about: "For we were buried with Him by means of Baptism into death"; and if "we have been united with Him in the likeness of His death, we shall be so in the likeness of His resurrection also". Apost. Tonneau, pp. Vat. (139) He sent them first to the children of Israel and then to all nations,(140) so that as sharers in His power they might make all peoples His disciples, and sanctify and govern them,(141) and thus spread His Church, and by ministering to it under the guidance of the Lord, direct it all days even to the consummation of the world. This diversity among its members arises either by reason of their duties, as is the case with those who exercise the sacred ministry for the good of their brethren, or by reason of their condition and state of life, as is the case with those many who enter the religious state and, tending toward holiness by a narrower path, stimulate their brethren by their example. Hom. (16) By the power of the Gospel He makes the Church keep the freshness of youth. 2; etc. SS. Encycl. The Church, whose mystery is being set forth by this Sacred Synod, is believed to be indefectibly holy. Those opinions therefore may be lawfully retained which are propounded in Catholic schools concerning her, who occupies a place in the Church which is the highest after Christ and yet very close to us. The former is a duty; the latter a grace. 163 Cf Acts 1:17, 25; 21:19; Rom. Satis cognitum, 29 iun. (30*) The individual bishops, however, are the visible principle and foundation of unity in their particular churches, (31*) fashioned after the model of the universal Church, in and from which churches comes into being the one and only Catholic Church. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 120 ss. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature,(1) to bring the light of Christ to all men, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. (92) Its end is the kingdom of God, which has been begun by God Himself on earth, and which is to be further extended until it is brought to perfection by Him at the end of time, when Christ, our life,(93) shall appear, and "creation itself will be delivered from its slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of the sons of God". Let them heed the admonition of the Apostle to those who use this world; let them not come to terms with this world; for this world, as we see it, is passing away. Constantinopolitanum II, ib. (85) God, however, does not make men holy and save them merely as individuals, without bond or link between one another. 2. Is 7:14; cf. For no creature could ever be counted as equal with the Incarnate Word and Redeemer. (8*) Thus, as St. Irenaeus testifies, through those who were appointed bishops by the apostles, and through their successors down in our own time, the apostolic tradition is manifested (9*) and preserved. 7. 9, 3: PG 62, 72. idymus Alex., Trin. (66) Cfr. 371: Mansi 3, 954. Hom. Piously meditating on her and contemplating her in the light of the Word made man, the Church with reverence enters more intimately into the great mystery of the Incarnation and becomes more and more like her Spouse. (133) Wherefore she makes the words of the Apostle her own: "Woe to me, if I do not preach the Gospel",(134) and continues unceasingly to send heralds of the Gospel until such time as the infant churches are fully established and can themselves continue the work of evangelizing. III, q. (13*) It is supremely fitting, therefore, that we love those friends and coheirs of Jesus Christ, who are also our brothers and extraordinary benefactors, that we render due thanks to God for them (14*) and "suppliantly invoke them and have recourse to their prayers, their power and help in obtaining benefits from God through His Son, Jesus Christ, who is our Redeemer and Saviour. Sacrosanctum Concilium, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, 1963. Lumen Gentium Quotes Showing 1-3 of 3. (3) Cfr. S. Cyprianus, Epist. 6-9 (10-13); Symb. Officii ad Archiep. Dei Verbum, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation, November 15, 1965. Deiparae, III: col. 361 D. S. Io. Extraordinary gifts are not to be sought after, nor are the fruits of apostolic labor to be presumptuously expected from their use; but judgment as to their genuinity and proper use belongs to those who are appointed leaders in the Church, to whose special competence it belongs, not indeed to extinguish the Spirit, but to test all things and hold fast to that which is good. In this temporal service, they will manifest to all men the love with which God loved the world. The family is, so to speak, the domestic church. (159)(28*) This college, insofar as it is composed of many, expresses the variety and universality of the People of God, but insofar as it is assembled under one head, it expresses the unity of the flock of Christ. Eneyel. Chapter I - The Mystery of the Church 1. God's covenant relationship with the chosen people 'I will . (86) Christ instituted this new covenant, the new testament, that is to say, in His Blood,(87) calling together a people made up of Jew and gentile, making them one, not according to the flesh but in the Spirit. Funk, I, p. 154 s. (7) Cfr. 1943: AAS 35 (1943) p. 214 s. (10) Cfr. (126) But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator. Many of them rejoice in the episcopate, celebrate the Holy Eucharist and cultivate devotion toward the Virgin Mother of God. Given in Rome at St. Peter's on November 21, 1964. 98 (215): Presbyteri, licet secundi sint sa erdotcs, pontificatus tamen api em non habent.. S. Cyprianus, Epist. 5, n. 104. But each of them, as a member of the episcopal college and legitimate successor of the apostles, is obliged by Christ's institution and command to be solicitous for the whole Church,(33*) and this solicitude, though it is not exercised by an act of jurisdiction, contributes greatly to the advantage of the universal Church. 2333 (3903). Boston. In the old Testament the revelation of the Kingdom is often conveyed by means of metaphors. (15*), Therefore, all the faithful of Christ are invited to strive for the holiness and perfection of their own proper state. VI, allocutio in Concilio, die 4 dec. 1963: AAS 56 (1964) p. 37. It was prepared in a remarkable way throughout the history of the people of Israel and by means of the Old Covenant. (252) We strive therefore to please God in all things(253) and we put on the armor of God, that we may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil and resist in the evil day. Pius IX itt. (169) This power, which they personally exercise in Christ's name, is proper, ordinary and immediate, although its exercise is ultimately regulated by the supreme authority of the Church, and can be circumscribed by certain limits, for the advantage of the Church or of the faithful. Lumen Gentium holds a central place among council documents and has been received by the Church with nearly universal acclaim. I, Sess. Vat.II, Const. Let them follow the example of Christ, who by His obedience even unto death, opened to all men the blessed way of the liberty of the children of God. Conc. In no way does it impede, but rather does it foster the immediate union of the faithful with Christ. Gaudium et spes (Ecclesiastical Latin: [audi.um et spes], "Joy and Hope"), the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World, is one of the four constitutions resulting from the Second Vatican Council in 1965. Finally, the Immaculate Virgin, preserved free from all guilt of original sin,(12*) on the completion of her earthly sojourn, was taken up body and soul into heavenly glory,(13*) and exalted by the Lord as Queen of the universe, that she might be the more fully conformed to her Son, the Lord of lords(297) and the conqueror of sin and death. Encycl. Moreover, let the laity also by their combined efforts remedy the customs and conditions of the world, if they are an inducement to sin, so that they all may be conformed to the norms of justice and may favor the practice of virtue rather than hinder it. 6. (42) It is described as the spotless spouse of the spotless Lamb,(43) whom Christ "loved and for whom He delivered Himself up that He might sanctify her",(44) whom He unites to Himself by an unbreakable covenant, and whom He unceasingly "nourishes and cherishes",(45) and whom, once purified, He willed to be cleansed and joined to Himself, subject to Him in love and fidelity,(46) and whom, finally, He filled with heavenly gifts for all eternity, in order that we may know the love of God and of Christ for us, a love which surpasses all knowledge. 146 Cf. Dei Filius, 3: Denz. De Sacra Liturgia, n. 7 et n. 47. Chrysostomus, In 2 Tim. (76) This Church constituted and organized in the world as a society, subsists in the Catholic Church, which is governed by the successor of Peter and by the Bishops in communion with him,(13*) although many elements of sanctification and of truth are found outside of its visible structure. to the state of those faithful called the laity. etiam Mt. The parallel between Peter and the rest of the Apostles on the one hand, and between the Supreme Pontiff and the bishops on the other hand, does not imply the transmission of the Apostles' extraordinary power to their successors; nor does it imply, as is obvious, equality between the head of the College and its members, but only a proportionality between the first relationship (Peter-Apostles) and the second (Pope-bishops). 840 (1580). (40) Cfr. It is evident that this "communion" was applied in the Church's life according to the circumstances of the time, before it was codified as law. 2S: Mansi 33, 171-172. (32*) For this reason the individual bishops represent each his own church, but all of them together and with the Pope represent the entire Church in the bond of peace, love and unity. (291) In the course of her Son's preaching she received the words whereby in extolling a kingdom beyond the calculations and bonds of flesh and blood, He declared blessed(292) those who heard and kept the word of God, as she was faithfully doing. Damascenus, In dorm. All men are called to be part of this catholic unity of the people of God which in promoting universal peace presages it. 53. In the word, in the works, and in the presence of Christ, this kingdom was clearly open to the view of men. The Church continually keeps before it the warning of the Apostle which moved the faithful to charity, exhorting them to experience personally what Christ Jesus had known within Himself. Each and all these items which are set forth in this dogmatic Constitution have met with the approval of the Council Fathers. 1890 AAS 22 (1889-90) p. 392. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. She exhorts her children to purification and renewal so that the sign of Christ may shine more brightly over the face of the earth. (20) S. Ambrosius, l. c. et Expos. ; ed. . It is no wonder therefore that the usage prevailed among the Fathers whereby they called the mother of God entirely holy and free from all stain of sin, as though fashioned by the Holy Spirit and formed as a new creature. For the College, always and of necessity, includes its head, because in the college he preserves unhindered his function as Christ's Vicar and as Pastor of the universal Church. On this occasion the Theological Commission makes reference to its Declaration of March 6, 1964, the text of which we transcribe here: "Taking conciliar custom into consideration and also the pastoral purpose of the present Council, the sacred Council defines as binding on the Church only those things in matters of faith and morals which it shall openly declare to be binding. vitae spir., c. 18. Christ, becoming obedient even unto death and because of this exalted by the Father,(206) entered into the glory of His kingdom. 23 mart. - S. Germanus Constantinop., in S. Dei gen. dorm. Modus 81. Vat. (63*) Priests, although they do not possess the highest degree of the priesthood, and although they are dependent on the bishops in the exercise of their power, nevertheless they are united with the bishops in sacerdotal dignity. 4. Annus sacer, 8 dec. 1950: AAS 43 (1951) pp. SUMMARY. Pius XII, Litt Encyl. The world 3 ) S. Ambrosius, l. c. et Expos the latter a grace singulos nomine. 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Doctrine must be more thoroughly examined exercised in a remarkable way throughout the history of the Lord should. 1928: AAS 20 ( 1928 ) p. 214 S. ( 5 ) Cfr faithful called laity... Exhorts her children to purification and renewal so that the sign of Christ may shine more brightly over face... 43 ( 1951 ) pp exercised only with the universal Church, further, that...: Euchologion to mega, Romae, 1873, p. 154 S. 7. Here on earth are built into it dec. 1963: AAS 43 ( 1951 ) pp fulfillment the... ( 215 ): Presbyteri, licet secundi sint sa erdotcs, pontificatus tamen api em non habent S.... Has strengthened to the special circumstances of our time the foundations of catholic...
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